Which concept would primarily express the trade-off between the price a product can sell for and the quantity produced?

The supply curve effectively illustrates the trade-off between the price a product can sell for and the quantity produced. It demonstrates how producers are willing to supply more of a good or service as the price increases, reflecting the direct relationship between price and quantity supplied. Producers seek to maximize profit, and as prices rise, they are incentivized to allocate more resources to the production of that good, resulting in a higher quantity supplied.

In contrast, the demand curve focuses on the relationship between the price of a product and the quantity that consumers are willing to purchase at that price. The marginal cost curve represents the cost to produce one additional unit of a good, which informs production decisions but does not directly depict the price-quantity relationship. The consumer behavior curve is more concerned with understanding how consumers make decisions based on preferences and constraints rather than the direct price-quantity trade-off in production. Thus, the supply curve is the most appropriate concept to express this specific trade-off.